SpringMVC 配置笔记
大约 3 分钟
忘记的时候翻一翻
基本注解
@Controller
定义一个Controller控制器
@RequestMapping
映射URL到控制器类
@RequestParam、@RequestBody
获取请求体参数
@RequestHeader
获取请求头
@PathVariable
获取URL里的变量
@ModelAttribute
在Controller的方法执行之前执行
@CookieValue、@SessionAttribute
获取Cookie、Session的参数
web.xml文件示例
<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
"-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
"http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >
<web-app>
<display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
<!--设置配置文件的路径，让监听器不只加载web-inf的文件-->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<!--解决中文乱码的过滤器-->
<filter>
<filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<!--配置spring的监听器，默认只加载WEB-INF目录下的applicationContext.xml配置文件-->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!--配置前端控制器-->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<!--加载springmvc.xml-->
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<!--启动时就创建-->
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
spring-mvc.xml文件示例
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!--开启注解扫描，只扫描controller-->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.hall">
<context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"></context:include-filter>
</context:component-scan>
<!-- 视图解析器对象 -->
<bean id="internalResourceViewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/pages/"/>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
<!--文件解析器对象-->
<bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
<property name="maxUploadSize" value="10485760"></property>
</bean>
<!-- 配置自定义类型转换器 -->
<bean id="conversionService" class="org.springframework.context.support.ConversionServiceFactoryBean">
<property name="converters" ref="stringToDate"></property>
</bean>
<bean id="stringToDate" class="com.hall.utils.StringToDate"></bean>
<!--异常处理-->
<bean id="myExceptionResolver" class="com.hall.exception.MyExceptionResolver"></bean>
<!--拦截器-->
<mvc:interceptors>
<mvc:interceptor>
<!--要拦截的具体方法 -->
<mvc:mapping path="/user/*"/>
<bean class="com.hall.interceptor.MyInterceptor"></bean>
</mvc:interceptor>
</mvc:interceptors>
<!--配置静态资源 哪些资源不拦截-->
<mvc:resources mapping="/js/**" location="/js/**"></mvc:resources>
<mvc:resources mapping="/css/**" location="/css/**"></mvc:resources>
<mvc:resources mapping="/image/**" location="/image/**"></mvc:resources>
<!--开启SpringMvc注解支持-->
<mvc:annotation-driven conversion-service="conversionService"></mvc:annotation-driven>
<!--可以将GET或POST请求转换为所有标准的HTTP方法（PUT、DELETE）-->
<!--HiddenHttpMethodFilter-->
</beans>
拓展功能
异常处理
需要实现HandlerExceptionResolver接口，并且在spring容器中声明
public class MyExceptionResolver implements HandlerExceptionResolver {
@Override
public ModelAndView resolveException(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, Object o, Exception e) {
// MyException是继承Exception的异常类
MyException ex = null;
if( e instanceof MyException) {
ex = (MyException)e;
} else {
e = new MyException("Error");
}
ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();
mv.addObject("errorMsg", e.getMessage());
mv.setViewName("error");
return mv;
}
}
拦截器
需要实现HandlerExceptionResolver接口，并且在spring容器中声明
public class MyInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {
//
@Override
public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {
System.out.println("lanjiele ");
return true;
}
// 在controller方法执行后，success.jsp 执行前，该方法会执行
@Override
public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {
}
// 在success.jsp 执行后，该方法会执行
@Override
public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex) throws Exception {
}
}
文件上传
需要在spring容器中声明文件解析器对象，并且在html文件中编写相对应的代码
@RequestMapping("/fileupload")
public String fileupload(HttpServletRequest request, MultipartFile upload) throws Exception {
// 上传位置
String path = request.getSession().getServletContext().getRealPath("/uploads/");
// 判断该路径是否存在
File file = new File(path);
if (!file.exists()) {
file.mkdirs();
}
// 获取上传文件的名字
String fileName = upload.getOriginalFilename();
// 将文件名设成唯一
String uuid = UUID.randomUUID().toString().replace("-", "");
fileName = uuid + "_" + fileName;
// 上传文件
upload.transferTo(new File(path, fileName));
return "success";
}
<form action="/user/fileupload" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
选择文件：<input type="file" name="upload"> <br>
<input type="submit" value="提交">
</form>